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1.
In. Soeiro, Alexandre de Matos; Leal, Tatiana de Carvalho Andreucci Torres; Accorsi, Tarso Augusto Duenhas; Gualandro, Danielle Menosi; Oliveira Junior, Múcio Tavares de; Caramelli, Bruno; Kalil Filho, Roberto. Manual da residência em cardiologia / Manual residence in cardiology. Santana de Parnaíba, Manole, 2 ed; 2022. p.728-736, tab, ilus.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1353103
2.
Rev. cuba. med ; 59(3): e1368, tab
Article in Spanish | CUMED, LILACS | ID: biblio-1139058

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El incremento matutino de la presión arterial detectado por monitoreo ambulatorio se asocia a daño de órgano blanco y a una mayor incidencia de eventos cardiovasculares. Objetivo: Determinar la adherencia terapéutica en hipertensos con incremento matutino de la presión arterial. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal en 195 pacientes hipertensos ingresados en el servicio de medicina interna del Hospital Universitario Calixto García en el año 2018. Estos mostraron incremento matutino de la presión arterial y se valoró la adherencia terapéutica mediante el test de cumplimiento autocomunicado de Morisky-Green-Levine. Las variables identificadas como predictores relevantes de no adherencia fueron introducidas en un modelo multivariado de regresión logística. Resultados: 63,6 por ciento de los pacientes con incremento matutino de la presión fueron no adherentes, predominaron los pacientes del sexo masculino, 71,6 por ciento. El 84,0 por ciento (p=0,00) de los no adherentes ingerían de 3 a 4 fármacos antihipertensivos, 90,2 por ciento (p=0,00) tomaban 3 o más dosis. 50,5 por ciento de los pacientes tenía un diagnóstico de más de 5 años. Conclusiones: Los pacientes con incremento matutino de presión arterial se caracterizaron por ser no adherentes a la terapéutica antihipertensiva(AU)


Introduction: The morning hypertension detected by ambulatory monitoring is associated with target organ damage and a higher incidence of cardiovascular events. Objective: To determine the therapeutic adherence in hypertensive patients with a morning hypertension. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 195 hypertensive patients admitted to the internal medicine service at Calixto García University Hospital in 2018. They showed a morning increase of blood pressure and therapeutic adherence was assessed using the self-reported compliance test by Morisky-Green-Levine. The variables identified as relevant predictors of non-adherence were entered in a multivariate logistic regression model. Results: 63.6 percent of the patients with morning hypertension were non-adherent. Male patients predominated. 71.6 percent 84.0 percent (p = 0.00) of the non-adherents had 3 to 4 antihypertensive drugs, 90.2 percent(p = 0.00) took 3 or more doses. 50.5 percent of the patients were diagnosed for more than 5 years. Conclusions: Patients with morning hypertension were described as non-adherent to antihypertensive therapy(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory/methods , Symptom Flare Up , Treatment Adherence and Compliance , Cross-Sectional Studies
3.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 113(5): 970-975, Nov. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1055039

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: The diagnosis of arterial hypertension based on measurements of blood pressure in the office has low accuracy. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of masked hypertension (MH) and white-coat hypertension through home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) in pre-hypertensive and stage 1 hypertensive patients. Method: Retrospective study, of which sample consisted of individuals with BP ≥ 120/80 mmHg and < 160/100 mmHg at the medical office without the use of antihypertensive medication and who underwent exams on the HBPM platform by telemedicine (TeleMRPA) between May 2017 and September 2018. The four-day MRPA protocol was used, with 24 measurements, using automated, validated, calibrated equipment with a memory function. Results: The sample consisted of 1,273 participants, of which 739 (58.1%) were women. The mean age was 52.4 ± 14.9 years, mean body mass index (BMI) 28.4 ± 5.1 kg/m2. The casual BP was higher than the HBPM in 7.6 mmHg for systolic blood pressure (SBP) and 5.2 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure (DBP), both with statistical significance (p < 0.001). There were 558 (43.8%) normotensive individuals; 291 (22.9%) with sustained hypertension; 145 (11.4%) with MH and 279 (21.9%) with white-coat hypertension (WCH), with a diagnostic error by casual BP in the total sample in 424 (33.3%) patients. In stage 1 hypertensive individuals, the prevalence of WCH was 48.9%; in prehypertensive patients, the prevalence of MH was 20.6%. Conclusion: MH and WCH have a high prevalence rate in the adult population; however, in prehypertensive or stage 1 hypertensive patients, the prevalence is higher. Out-of-office BP measurements in these subgroups should be performed whenever possible to prevent misdiagnosis.


Resumo Fundamento: O diagnóstico de hipertensão arterial baseado nas medidas do consultório tem baixa acurácia. Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de hipertensão mascarada (HM) e do avental branco pela monitorização residencial da pressão arterial (MRPA) em pacientes pré-hipertensos e hipertensos estágio. Método: Estudo retrospectivo com amostra constituída de indivíduos com pressão arterial (PA) na clínica ≥ 120/80 mmHg e < 160/100 mmHg sem uso de medicação anti-hipertensiva e que realizaram exames na plataforma de MRPA por telemedicina (TeleMRPA) entre maio de 2017 e setembro de 2018. Foi utilizado o protocolo MRPA de quatro dias, com 24 medidas, com equipamentos automáticos, validados, calibrados e com memória. Resultados: A amostra foi constituída de 1.273 participantes, sendo 739 (58,1%) mulheres. A idade média foi 52,4 ± 14,9 anos, índice de massa corporal (IMC) médio 28,4 ± 5,1 kg/m2. A PA casual foi maior que a MRPA em 7,6 mmHg para pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e 5,2 mmHg para a pressão arterial diastólica (PAD), ambas com significância estatística (p < 0,001). Foram diagnosticados 558 (43,8%) normotensos; 291 (22,9%) hipertensos sustentados; 145 (11,4%) com HM e 279 (21,9%) com hipertensão do avental branco (HAB), com erro diagnóstico pela PA casual na amostra total em 424 (33,3%) pacientes. Em hipertensos estágio 1, a prevalência de HAB foi de 48,9%; nos pré-hipertensos a prevalência de HM foi de 20,6%. Conclusão: HM e HAB têm elevada prevalência na população adulta; entretanto, na população de pré-hipertensos ou hipertensos estágio 1 a prevalência é maior. Medidas da PA fora do consultório, nestes subgrupos, devem ser realizadas sempre que possível para evitar erro diagnóstico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Telemedicine/statistics & numerical data , Masked Hypertension/diagnosis , White Coat Hypertension/diagnosis , Brazil/epidemiology , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory/methods , Diagnostic Errors/statistics & numerical data , Masked Hypertension/epidemiology , White Coat Hypertension/epidemiology , Data Accuracy , Hypertension/diagnosis
5.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 90(4): 448-455, ago. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1020654

ABSTRACT

Resumen: La monitorización ambulatoria de la presión arterial (MAPA) es una herramienta clínica útil para el diagnóstico y confirmación de hipertensión arterial en pediatría y permite igualmente el diagnóstico de condiciones especiales como la hipertensión de delantal blanco e hipertensión enmascarada. Exis ten recomendaciones internacionales para su realización e interpretación, sin embargo, aún quedan interrogantes por resolver. En esta guía se resume la bibliografía disponible y se intenta estandarizar, a través de consenso de especialistas nacionales, la aplicación de esta técnica. Se necesitan más estudios de investigación en niños que aporten nuevos valores de referencia y que determinen la relación de alteraciones en MAPA con resultados clínicos a largo plazo.


Abstract: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) is a useful clinical tool for the diagnosis and confir mation of arterial hypertension in pediatrics, and also allows the diagnosis of special conditions such as white coat hypertension and masked hypertension. There are international recommendations for its implementation and interpretation, however, there are still unresolved questions. This guide summarizes the available literature and attempts to standardize, through consensus of national specia lists, the application of this technique. More research studies are needed that provide new reference values and determine the relationship of alterations in ABPM with long-term clinical results.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory/methods , Hypertension/diagnosis , Pediatrics , Reference Values , Blood Pressure/physiology , Chile
6.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 29(3): 261-267, jul.-set. 2019. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1023048

ABSTRACT

Os três estudos que tiveram importante influência na prática clínica de quem trabalha com hipertensão arterial foram os estudos SIMPLICITY HTN-3, PATHWAY 2 e SPRINT. O estudo SIMPLICITY HTN-3 pôs a dúvida um procedimento que já estava sendo utilizado na prática clínica, qual seja, denervação do nervo simpático renal através de ablação por ondas de radiofrequência. Foi o primeiro estudos com grupo controle que não mostrou diferença entre os desfechos específicos de controle da pressão arterial em pacientes com hipertensão resistente. Portanto, o estudo SIMPLICITY HTN 3 modificou a prática clínica no sentido de que todas as diretrizes de hipertensão são unânimes em afirmar que tal procedimento atualmente deva ser reservado para laboratórios específicos de investigação clínica do método e não deve ser empregado como opção estabelecida de tratamento. O estudo PATHWAY 2 consolida o uso do bloqueador de receptor de mineralocorticoides (espironolactona) como o quarto medicamento no fluxograma de tratamento da hipertensão arterial resistente. Os resultados foram tão impactantes que a diretriz europeia de hipertensão arterial mudou substancialmente a orientação da sequência farmacológica do tratamento. Por fim, o estudo SPRINT demonstrou a necessidade de intervenção em pacientes com hipertensão arterial com valores pressóricos abaixo de 140/90 mmHg na dependência da quantidade de risco adicional dos pacientes. Os resultados do estudo SPRINT motivaram alterações ou inclusões de seus dados em várias diretrizes nacionais e internacionais, tais como Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia, American Heart Association e European Society of Cardiology


The three studies that have had an important influence on the clinical practice of who works with arterial hypertension were the SIMPLICITY HTN-3, PATHWAY 2 and SPRINT studies. The SIMPLICITY HTN-3 study raised doubts around a procedure that was already being used in clinical practice, the denervation of the sympathetic renal nerve through radiofrequency wave ablation. It was the first study with a control group that did not show a difference between the specific blood pressure control outcomes in patients with resistant hypertension. Therefore, the Simplicity HTN 3 Study modified clinical practice in the sense that all hypertension guidelines are unanimous in stating that currently such a procedure should be reserved for specific clinical investigation laboratories researching the method and should not be used as an established treatment option. The PATHWAY2 study consolidated the use of the mineralocorticoid receptor blocker (spironolactone) as the fourth drug in the resistant arterial hypertension treatment flowchart. The results were so impactful that the European guideline for arterial hypertension changed its orientation around the pharmacological sequence of resistant hypertension treatment substantially. Finally, the SPRINT study demonstrated the need for intervention in patients with arterial hypertension with pressure values below 140/90 mmHg, depending on the amount of additional cardiovascular risk in those patients. The results of the SPRINT study promoted changes to or inclusions of its data in various national and international guidelines, such as the Brazilian Society of Cardiology, the American Heart Association and the European Society of Cardiology


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Evidence-Based Practice/methods , Hypertension/therapy , Spironolactone , Guidelines as Topic/standards , Doxazosin , Bisoprolol , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory/methods , Evidence-Based Medicine/methods , Arterial Pressure , Antihypertensive Agents
7.
Prensa méd. argent ; 105(4): 235-245, jun 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1046188

ABSTRACT

The medical social significance of the arterial hypertension (AH) in the world is determined by its high prevalence, which allows to call it a non-infectious pandemic of today. The AH still remains the most common chronic disease that triggers the cardiovascular continuum, significantly reduces the body's adaptive capacity, worsens the living standards for people of socially minded age, and represents the leading global risk of increased cardiovascular mortality. The purpose of the study was comparison of informative value of various methods for measuring the arterial blood pressure (ABP) (office-based, home-based using electronic apps, and daily) in order to improve the risk assessment of the condition and monitoring the treatment efficiency for the AH patients. The method of qualitative and quantitative analysis of scientific literature and public online sources was used in the study. It has been established that the ABP analysis is an important tool to prevent the negative consequences of the AH. The results of the experimental study have revealed that hourly home-based ABP monitoring using a mobile electronic app is more informative than monitoring at long intervals, and provides information which is close to the average daily indicators obtained in the daily ABP monitoring.


Subject(s)
Humans , Evaluation Studies as Topic/prevention & control , Evaluation Studies as Topic/prevention & control , Chronic Disease/mortality , Clinical Trial , Treatment Outcome , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory/methods , Hypertension/prevention & control , Hypertension/therapy
9.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 116(5): 328-332, oct. 2018. ilus, tab
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-973663

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La hipertensión enmascarada (HE) en niños se define por registros de presión arterial normal en la consulta y elevados fuera de ella. El monitoreo ambulatorio de presión arterial de 24 horas (MAPA) permite su diagnóstico. Existe poca información sobre su prevalencia en nuestra población. Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia de HE en niños con factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de hipertensión arterial. Material y método. Estudio prospectivo, observacional, corte transversal. Se incluyeron en forma consecutiva pacientes asistidos en el Hospital General de Niños P. de Elizalde entre 1/7/2015 y 1/12/2016, de 5 a 11 años, con presión arterial normal y, al menos, un factor de riesgo para hipertensión arterial. Se realizó MAPA durante 24 horas (SpaceLabs 90207/90217). Muestra estimada: 110 pacientes. Se contó con las aprobaciones pertinentes. Resultados. Se incluyeron 110 pacientes, edad de 8,7 ± 1,8 años, 60 mujeres. Tiempo de MAPA: 23,18 ± 1,8 horas. Tenían antecedentes neonatales 23 pacientes; todos tenían, al menos, un antecedente personal (los más frecuentes, ingesta aumentada de sal y obesidad); 101 tenían, al menos, un antecedente familiar. El MAPA permitió identificar a 10 pacientes con HE (9,1%; IC 95%: 5,1-15,9); 7 con hipertensión nocturna aislada (6,4%; IC 95%: 3,1-23,5) y 28, prehipertensión (25,4%; IC 95%: 18,2-34,3). Los 10 pacientes con HE fueron 7 varones, 9 obesos y con, al menos, un antecedente familiar. Conclusión. La prevalencia de HE en niños con factores de riesgo de desarrollar hipertensión arterial fue cercana al 10%.


Introduction. Masked hypertension (MH) in children is defined as normal office blood pressure values and high values outside the clinical setting. The 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) is helpful for diagnosis. There is little information on MH prevalence in our population. Objective. To estimate the prevalence of MH in children with risk factors for arterial hypertension. Material and method. Prospective, observational, cross-sectional study. Patients seen at Hospital General de Niños "P. de Elizalde" between July 1st, 2015 and December 1st, 2016, aged 5-11 years, with normal blood pressure and at least one risk factor for arterial hypertension were included in consecutive order. A 24-hour ABPM was done (SpaceLabs 90207/90217). Estimated sample: 110 patients. All relevant authorizations were obtained. Results. One hundred and ten patients aged 8.7 ± 1.8 years were included; 60 were girls. ABPM duration: 23.18 ± 1.8 hours. Twenty-three patients had neonatal history; all had at least one factor corresponding to personal history (the most common ones were increased salt intake and obesity); 101 had at least one factor corresponding to family history. ABPM helped to identify 10 patients with MH (9.1%; 95% confidence interval --1;CI--3;: 5.1-15.9); 7 had isolated nocturnal hypertension (6.4%; 95% CI: 3.1-23.5) and 28 had prehypertension (25.4%; 95% CI: 18.234.3). Among the 10 patients with MH, 7 were boys, 9 were obese and had at least one factor corresponding to family history. Conclusion. The prevalence of MH in children with risk factors for arterial hypertension was close to 10%.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Sodium Chloride, Dietary/administration & dosage , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory/methods , Masked Hypertension/epidemiology , Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology , Blood Pressure , Family Health , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Prehypertension/epidemiology , Masked Hypertension/diagnosis
11.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 27(4): 290-293, out.-dez. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-879466

ABSTRACT

A hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) é uma condição clínica multifatorial caracterizada por elevação sustentada dos níveis pressóricos. No Brasil, a hipertensão arterial atinge 32,5% (36 milhões) de indivíduos adultos, mais de 60% idosos, contribuindo direta ou indiretamente para 50% das mortes por doença cardiovascular. A HAS é uma das comorbidades mais frequentemente observadas em pacientes com câncer. Algumas drogas são diretamente relacionadas ao desenvolvimento ou piora da HAS como os agentes alquilantes e os inibidores do fator de crescimento endotelial. O controle adequado dos níveis de pressão arterial (PA) em pacientes com câncer visa aumentar a tolerância dos doentes à quimioterapia, reduzir a incidência de lesões em órgãos-alvo e, em última análise, reduzir a mortalidade geral. A PA deve ser aferida semanalmente durante o primeiro ciclo e a cada duas a três semanas após. O diagnóstico e tratamento da HAS devem seguir as recomendações atuais da 7aDiretriz Brasileira de Hipertensão e, quando possível, realizados antes do tratamento oncológico. Os IECA e BRA são anti-hipertensivos usados com maior frequência para o tratamento da HAS associada aos inibidores de fator de crescimento endotelial (iVEGF). Os bloqueadores de canal de cálcio não diidropiridínicos, como o verapamil e o diltiazem, são contraindicados com o uso concomitante de iVEGF. A descontinuação definitiva deve ser o último recurso. Os oncologistas e cardiologistas devem desenvolver abordagens em conjunto para manejar a HAS de forma eficaz e segura, com objetivo de manter o benefício do tratamento oncológico e de diminuir a morbidade e mortalidade cardiovascular


Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is a multifactorial condition, characterized by a sustained elevation in blood pressure. In Brazil, arterial hypertension affects 32.5% (36 million) adult individuals, more of 60% of whom are elderly, directly or indirectly contributing to 50% of deaths due to cardiovascular disease. SAH is one of the most commonly observed comorbidities in people with cancer. Some drugs are directly related to the development or worsening of SAH, such as alkylating agents and endothelial growth factor inhibitors. Adequate control of blood pressure (BP) in patients with cancer aims to increase patients' tolerance to chemotherapy, reduce the incidence of target organ damage and, ultimately, reduce overall mortality. BP must be measured every week in the first cycle and every two-three weeks after. The diagnosis and treatment of SAH should follow the current recommendations of the VII Brazilian Guideline on Hypertension, and where possible, should be performed before the oncological treatment. ACE inhibitors and ARBs are the most commonly used antihypertensive drugs for the treatment of SAH associated with vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors (VEGFI). Non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, such as Verapamil and Diltiazem, are contraindicated with the concomitant use of VEGFI. Definitive suspension should be the final resort. Oncologists and cardiologists must develop joint approaches to manage the SAH effectively and safely, with the objective of maintaining the benefit of the oncological treatment and reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Drug Therapy/methods , Hypertension , Neoplasms/therapy , Prognosis , Protein-Tyrosine Kinases , Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality , Guidelines as Topic/standards , Adrenal Cortex Hormones , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory/methods , Diagnosis , Alkylating Agents , Calcineurin Inhibitors/therapeutic use
12.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 109(4): 313-320, Oct. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-887944

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Obesity, systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are closely related. Up to 70% of patients with OSA may be asymptomatic, and there is evidence that these patients have cardiovascular disease, especially nocturnal SAH. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate 24-hour blood pressure circadian variation in asymptomatic, obese individuals with moderate-to-severe OSA and compare it with that in individuals with mild OSA or without OSA. Methods: Eighty-six obese subjects aged between 30 and 55 years (BMI 30-39 kg/m2), with casual blood pressure < 140/90 mmHg and without comorbidities were recruited. Eighty-one patients underwent clinical and anthropometric assessment, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), and Watch-PAT. Participants were divided into two groups, based on the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI): group 1, with AHI < 15 events/hour, and group 2 with AHI ≥ 15 events/hour. Results: Compared with group 1, group 2 had higher neck circumference and waist-hip circumference (40.5 ± 3.2 cm vs. 38.0 ± 3.7 cm, p = 0.002, and 0.94 ± 0.05 vs. 0.89 ± 0.05, p = 0.001, respectively), higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure measured by the 24-h ABPM (122 ± 6 vs 118 ± 8 mmHg, p = 0.014, and 78 ± 6 vs 73 ± 7 mmHg, p = 0.008, respectively), and higher nocturnal diastolic pressure load (44,6 ± 25,9% vs 31,3 ± 27,3%, p = 0,041). Moreover, there was a positive correlation between nocturnal diastolic blood pressure and AHI (r = 0.43, p < 0.05). Conclusions: Asymptomatic obese subjects with moderate-to-severe OSA have higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 24 hours compared with those with absent / mild OSA, despite normal casual blood pressure between the groups. These results indicate that ABPM may be useful in the evaluation of asymptomatic obese patients with moderate-to-severe OSA.


Resumo Fundamentos: Obesidade, hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) e apneia obstrutiva do sono (AOS) estão intimamente relacionados. Até 70% dos pacientes com AOS podem ser assintomáticos e há evidências que eles apresentam alterações cardiovasculares, em especial HAS noturna. Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o comportamento da pressão arterial nas 24 horas em indivíduos obesos assintomáticos com AOS moderada/grave comparando àqueles com AOS leve/ausente. Métodos: Foram selecionados 86 pacientes entre 30 e 55 anos, obesos (IMC 30-39,9 kg/m2), com pressão arterial casual < 140/90 mmHg e sem comorbidades, dos quais 81 foram submetidos à avaliação clínica, medidas antropométricas, monitorização ambulatorial da pressão arterial (MAPA) e Watch-PAT. Os participantes do estudo foram divididos em dois grupos com base no índice de apneia-hipopneia (IAH): grupo 1 com IAH < 15 eventos/h e grupo 2 com IAH ≥ 15 eventos/h. Resultados: Em comparação ao grupo 1, o grupo 2 apresentou maior circunferência de pescoço e maior relação cintura-quadril (40,5 ± 3,2 vs 38,0 ± 3,7 cm, p = 0,002, e 0,94 ± 0,05 vs 0,89±0,05cm, p = 0,001, respectivamente), maiores pressões arteriais sistólica e diastólica na MAPA-24h (122 ± 6 vs 117 ± 8 mmHg, p = 0,014, e 78 ± 6 vs 73 ± 7 mmHg, p = 0,008, respectivamente), bem como maior carga pressórica diastólica noturna (44,6 ± 25,9% vs 31,3 ± 27,3%, p = 0,041). Além disso, houve correlação positiva entre pressão arterial diastólica noturna e IAH (r = 0,43, p < 0,05). Conclusões: Indivíduos obesos assintomáticos com AOS de moderada a grave apresentam maiores valores de PA sistólica e diastólica nas 24 horas em comparação àqueles com AOS ausente/leve, apesar da PA casual normal. Esses resultados indicam que a MAPA pode ser útil na avaliação de pacientes obesos assintomáticos com AOS de moderada à grave.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Blood Pressure/physiology , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/physiopathology , Hypertension/physiopathology , Obesity/physiopathology , Reference Values , Time Factors , Severity of Illness Index , Anthropometry , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Circadian Rhythm/physiology , Statistics, Nonparametric , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory/methods , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/complications , Hypertension/etiology , Obesity/complications
13.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 109(3): 241-247, Sept. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-887934

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Regional differences of using home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) as an alternative to ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in hypertensive adolescents are unknown. Objectives: Define if HBPM is an option to confirm diagnoses of hypertension in adolescents from a Brazilian capital with elevated office blood pressure (BP). Methods: Adolescents (12-18years) from public and private schools with BP > 90th percentile were studied to compare and evaluate the agreement among office BP measurements, HBPM and ambulatory BP monitoring. Office BP measurements, HBPM and ABPM were performed according to guidelines recommendations. Semi-automatic devices were used for BP measurements. Values of p < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: We included 133 predominantly males (63.2%) adolescents with a mean age of 15±1.6 years. HBPM systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure mean values were similar to the daytime ABPM values (120.3 ± 12.6 mmHg x 121.5 ± 9.8 mmHg - p = 0.111 and 69.4 ± 7.7 mmHg x 70.2 ± 6.6 mmHg - p = 0.139) and lower than the office measurement values (127.3 ± 13.8 mmHg over 74.4 ± 9.5 mmHg - p < 0,001). The Bland-Altman plots showed good agreement between HBPM and ABPM. Conclusions: HBPM is an option to confirm diagnoses of hypertension in adolescents from a Brazilian state capital with elevated office BP and can be used as an alternative to ABPM.


Resumo Fundamentos: São desconhecidas as diferenças regionais na utilização da monitorização residencial da pressão arterial (MRPA) como alternativa à monitorização ambulatorial da pressão arterial (MAPA) em adolescentes hipertensos. Objetivos: Definir se MRPA é uma opção para confirmar diagnóstico de hipertensão arterial em adolescentes de uma capital brasileira com pressão arterial (PA) elevada. Métodos: Adolescentes (12-18 anos) de escolas públicas e privadas com percentil de PA > 90 foram estudados para comparar e avaliar a concordância entre as medidas de PA, MRPA e MAPA. As medidas de PA de consultório, MRPA e MAPA foram realizadas de acordo com as recomendações das diretrizes. Foram utilizados dispositivos semiautomáticos para medições de PA. Valores de p <0,05 foram considerados significativos. Resultados: Foram incluídos 133 adolescentes predominantemente do sexo masculino (63,2%) com idade média de 15 ± 1,6 anos. Os valores médios da pressão arterial sistólica e pressão arterial diastólica da MRPA foram semelhantes aos valores de MAPA diurnos (120,3 ± 12,6 mmHg x 121,5 ± 9,8 mmHg - p = 0,111 e 69,4 ± 7,7 mmHg x 70,2 ± 6,6 mmHg - p = 0,139) e inferiores aos valores de consultório (127,3 ± 13,8 mmHg por 74,4 ± 9,5 mmHg - p < 0,001). Os gráficos de Bland-Altman mostraram boa concordância entre MRPA e MAPA. Conclusões: MRPA é uma opção para confirmar diagnóstico de hipertensão arterial em adolescentes de uma capital brasileira com PA de consultório elevada e pode ser usada como alternativa à MAPA.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory/methods , Hypertension/diagnosis , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies
14.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 30(4): f:285-l:292, jul.-ago 2017. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-846748

ABSTRACT

Fundamentos: A hipertensão arterial é um importante fator de risco para desfechos cardiovasculares. No entanto, na maioria dos centros de Atenção Primária à Saúde, a pressão arterial permanece com níveis de controle inadequados. A Monitorização Ambulatorial da Pressão Arterial (MAPA) é uma ferramenta útil na predição de morbidade e mortalidade cardiovascular. A implementação da MAPA de 24 horas e a avaliação dos desfechos cardiovasculares na Atenção Primária à Saúde podem ser eficazes para melhorarem estratégias de acompanhamento do paciente hipertenso neste cenário. Objetivo: Avaliar hipertensão não controlada detectada pela MAPA de 24 horas como um preditor de desfechos cardiovasculares em pacientes hipertensos da Atenção Primária à Saúde em um ambiente de baixos recursos. Métodos: Estudo de coorte com base em centros de Atenção Primária à Saúde. O estudo foi conduzido com 143 pacientes hipertensos, que realizaram MAPA de 24 horas no início do estudo. Os alvos terapêuticos foram baseados no Eighth Joint National Committee, na Diretriz Brasileira de Hipertensão e na Diretriz Europeia de Hipertensão. Registros médicos de emergência, admissões hospitalares e atestados de óbitos foram revisados. Resultados: A amostra foi constituída por 143 pacientes que preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Após 4 anos de seguimento foram verificados 17 óbitos, 12 novos casos de fibrilação atrial e 37 internações hospitalares relacionadas a desfechos cardiovasculares. Durante o período de acompanhamento, a MAPA de 24 horas apresentou resultado preditor para novos casos de fibrilação atrial (p = 0,015) e combinação de desfechos cardiovasculares, mortalidade e admissões hospitalares (p = 0,012)


Background: Arterial hypertension is an important risk factor for cardiovascular outcomes. However, in most Primary Health Care centers, blood pressure remains at inadequate control levels. Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM) is a useful tool in predicting cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The implementation of 24-hour ABPM and evaluation of cardiovascular outcomes in Primary Health Care may be effective in improving strategies for monitoring hypertensive patients in this setting. Objective: To evaluate uncontrolled arterial hypertension detected by 24-hour ABPM as a predictor of cardiovascular outcomes in hypertensive patients from Primary Health Care in a low-resource environment. Methods: Cohort study based on primary health care centers. The study was carried out with 143 hypertensive patients, who underwent 24-hour ABPM at baseline. Therapeutic targets were based on the Eighth Joint National Committee, the Brazilian Hypertension Guideline, and the European Hypertension Guideline. Medical records of emergency care, hospital admissions, and death certificates were reviewed. Results: The sample consisted of 143 patients who met the inclusion criteria. After 4 years of follow-up, there were 17 deaths, 12 new cases of atrial fibrillation and 37 hospital admissions related to cardiovascular outcomes. During the follow-up period, the 24-hour ABPM showed a predictive result for new cases of atrial fibrillation (p = 0.015) and a combination of cardiovascular outcomes, mortality, and hospital admissions (p = 0.012). Conclusion: The 24-hour ABPM was an important predictor of cardiovascular outcomes in a hypertensive population that seeks assistance in Primary Health Care centers


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory/methods , Hypertension/complications , Primary Health Care/methods , Arterial Pressure , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology , Cohort Studies , Predictive Value of Tests , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Treatment Outcome
15.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 108(2): 143-148, Feb. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-838690

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Hypertension is an important risk factor for cardiovascular outcomes. Primary health care (PHC) physicians should be prepared to act appropriately in the prevention of cardiovascular risk factors. However, the rates of patients with control of blood pressure (BP) remain low. The impact of the reclassification of high BP by 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) can lead to different medical decisions in PHC. Objective: To evaluate the agreement between the BP measured by a conventional method by PHC physicians and by 24-hour ABPM, considering different BP normal thresholds for the 24-hour ABPM according to the V Brazilian ABPM Guidelines and the European Society of Hypertension Guidelines. Methods: A cross-sectional study including 569 hypertensive patients. The BP was initially measured by the PHC physicians and, later, by 24-hour ABPM. The BP measurements were obtained independently between the two methods. The therapeutic targets for the conventional BP followed the guidelines by the Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8), the V ABPM Brazilian Guidelines, and the 2013 European Hypertension Guidelines. Results: There was an accuracy of 54.8% (95% confidence interval [95%CI] 0.51 - 0.58%) for the BP measured with the conventional method when compared with the 24-hour ABPM, with a sensitivity of 85% (95%CI 80.8 - 88.6%), specificity of 31.9% (95%CI 28.7 - 34.7%), and kappa value of 0.155, when considering the European Hypertension Guidelines. When using more stringent thresholds to characterize the BP as "normal" by ABPM, the accuracy was 45% (95%CI 0.41 - 0.47%) for conventional measurement when compared with 24-hour ABPM, with a sensitivity of 86.7% (95%CI 0.81 - 0.91%), specificity of 29% (95%CI 0.26 - 0.30%), and kappa value of 0.103. Conclusion: The BP measurements obtained by PHC physicians showed low accuracy when compared with those obtained by 24-hour ABPM, regardless of the threshold set by the different guidelines.


Resumo Fundamentos: A hipertensão arterial sistêmica é um fator de risco importante para desfechos cardiovasculares. Médicos da atenção primária à saúde (APS) devem estar preparados para atuar adequadamente na prevenção de fatores de risco cardiovascular. No entanto, as taxas de pacientes com pressão arterial (PA) controlada continuam baixas. O impacto da reclassificação do diagnóstico de hipertensão pela utilização da monitorização ambulatorial da PA (MAPA) de 24 horas pode levar a diferentes decisões médicas na APS. Objetivo: Avaliar a concordância entre as PAs medidas por método convencional por médicos da APS e por MAPA de 24 horas, considerando diferentes limiares de normalidade para a MAPA de 24 horas de acordo com as recomendações da V Diretriz Brasileira de MAPA e da Diretriz da Sociedade Europeia de Hipertensão. Métodos: Estudo transversal com 569 pacientes hipertensos. A PA foi medida inicialmente por médicos da APS e, posteriormente, pela MAPA de 24 horas. As medidas foram obtidas de forma independente entre os dois métodos. Os alvos terapêuticos para a PA convencional seguiram as orientações do Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8), das V Diretrizes Brasileiras de MAPA e das Diretrizes Europeias de Hipertensão de 2013. Resultados: Foi observada uma acurácia de 54,8% (intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC95%] 0,51 - 0,58%) para a PA aferida de forma convencional quando comparada à obtida com a MAPA de 24 horas, além de uma sensibilidade de 85% (IC95% 80,8 - 88,6%), especificidade de 31,9% (IC95% 28,7 - 34,7%) e kappa de 0,155, quando consideradas as Diretrizes Europeias de Hipertensão. Quando utilizados limiares mais rígidos para caracterizar a PA como "normal" pela MAPA, foi identificada uma acurácia de 45% (IC95% 0,41 - 0,47%) pela medida convencional quando comparada à obtida pela MAPA de 24 horas, além de uma sensibilidade de 86,7% (IC95% 0,81 - 0,91%), especificidade de 29% (IC95% 0,26 - 0,30%) e kappa de 0,103. Conclusão: As medidas de PA avaliadas pelos médicos da APS apresentaram baixa acurácia quando comparadas às medidas pela MAPA de 24 horas, independente do limiar utilizado pelas diferentes diretrizes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Primary Health Care/methods , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory/methods , Hypertension/diagnosis , Time Factors , Brazil , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Sensitivity and Specificity , Guidelines as Topic , Statistics, Nonparametric , Hypertension/complications , Hypertension/physiopathology , Life Style
16.
In. Soeiro, Alexandre de Matos; Leal, Tatiana de Carvalho Andreucci Torres; Oliveira Junior, Múcio Tavares de; Kalil Filho, Roberto. Manual da condutas da emergência do InCor: cardiopneumologia / IInCor Emergency Conduct Manual: Cardiopneumology. São Paulo, Manole, 2ª revisada e atualizada; 2017. p.780-787.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-848519
17.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 107(5): 437-445, Nov. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-827868

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Lack of adherence to pharmacological treatment is one of the main causes of low control rates in hypertension. Objective: To verify treatment adherence and associated factors, as well as blood pressure (BP) control in participants of the Resistant Hypertension Optimal Treatment (ReHOT) clinical trial. Method: Cross-sectional study including all 109 patients who had completed the ReHOT for at least 6 months. We excluded those participants who failed to respond to the new recruitment after three phone contact attempts. We evaluated the BP control by ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM; controlled levels: 24-hour systolic and diastolic BP < 130 x 80 mmHg) and analyzed the patients' treatment adherence using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) questionnaire validated by Bloch, Melo, and Nogueira (2008). The statistical analysis was performed with the software IBM SPSS statistics 21.0. We tested the normality of the data distribution with kurtosis and skewness. The variables tested in the study are presented with descriptive statistics. Comparisons between treatment adherence and other variables were performed with Student's t test for independent variables and Pearson's chi-square or Fisher's exact test. To conduct analyses among patients considering adherence to treatment and BP control, we created four groups: G0, G1, G2, and G3. We considered a 5% significance level in all tests. Results: During the ReHOT, 80% of the patients had good BP control and treatment adherence. Of 96 patients reevaluated in the present study, only 52.1% had controlled hypertension when assessed by ABPM, while 31.3% were considered adherent by the MMAS. Regarding other ABPM measures, we observed an absence of a nocturnal dip in 64.6% of the patients and a white-coat effect and false BP control in 23% and 12.5%, respectively. Patients' education level showed a trend towards being a determinant factor associated with lack of adherence (p = 0.05). Resistant hypertension and number of medications were significantly associated with BP control assessed by ABPM (p = 0.009 and p = 0.001, respectively). Resistant hypertension was also significantly associated with group G0 (patients with no control or adherence, p = 0.012). Conclusion: There was a decrease in BP control and adherence measured by the MMAS after participation of at least 6 months in the ReHOT clinical trial.


Resumo Fundamento: A falta de adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso da hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) é uma das principais causas das baixas taxas de controle da doença. Objetivo: Verificar a adesão e fatores relacionados a ela, além do controle pressórico de pacientes que participaram do ensaio clínico Resistant Hypertension Optimal Treatment (ReHOT). Método: Estudo transversal que incluiu todos os 109 pacientes que concluíram o ReHOT há pelo menos 6 meses. Foram excluídos aqueles que não responderam ao novo recrutamento após três tentativas de contato telefônico. Foi realizada avaliação do controle pressórico através de monitorização ambulatorial da pressão arterial (MAPA; PA controlada: pressão arterial [PA] sistólica e diastólica de 24 horas < 130 x 80 mmHg) e avaliação da adesão através de respostas ao questionário Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) validado por Bloch, Melo e Nogueira (2008). A análise estatística foi realizada com o programa IBM SPSS statistics 21.0. Para verificar a normalidade da distribuição dos dados, utilizamos testes de curtose e assimetria. As variáveis relacionadas ao objeto de estudo são apresentadas por meio de estatística descritiva. Comparações entre a adesão ao tratamento e demais variáveis foi realizada com o teste t de Student para variáveis independentes e teste do qui-quadrado de Pearson ou exato de Fisher. Para a análise entre pacientes considerando a adesão ao tratamento e controle da PA, foram criados quatro grupos: G0, G1, G2 e G3. Em todos os testes estatísticos consideramos um nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Durante o ReHOT, 80% dos pacientes apresentaram controle pressórico e adesão ao tratamento. Do total de 96 pacientes reavaliados, apenas 52,1% foram identificados como tendo HAS controlada através da avaliação da MAPA e 31,3% apresentaram adesão pelo MMAS. Quando consideradas outras medidas da MAPA, verificou-se que 64,6% dos pacientes não apresentavam descenso noturno e 23% e 12,5% apresentavam efeito do avental branco e falso controle da PA, respectivamente. A escolaridade apresentou tendência a ser um fator determinante de falta de adesão (p = 0,05). O número de medicamentos e a HAS resistente (HAR) tiveram uma relação significativa com o controle da PA medida por MAPA (p = 0,009 e p = 0,001, respectivamente). A HAR teve relação significativa com o grupo G0 (sem controle e sem adesão, p = 0,012). Conclusão: Houve redução do controle da PA e da adesão pelo MMAS após pelo menos 6 meses de participação no ensaio clínico ReHOT.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory/methods , Medication Adherence , Hypertension/drug therapy , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Cohort Studies
18.
Clinics ; 71(9): 494-499, Sept. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-794639

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Post-transplantation hypertension is prevalent and is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and subsequent graft dysfunction. The present study aimed to identify the factors associated with arterial stiffness as measured by the ambulatory arterial stiffness index. METHODS: The current study used a prospective, observational, analytical design to evaluate a group of adult heart transplantation patients. Arterial stiffness was obtained by monitoring ambulatory blood pressure and using the ambulatory arterial stiffness index as the surrogate outcome. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to control confounding. RESULTS: In a group of 85 adult heart transplantation patients, hypertension was independently associated with arterial stiffness (OR 4.98, CI 95% 1.06-23.4) as well as systolic and diastolic blood pressure averages and nighttime descent. CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of ambulatory arterial stiffness index is a new, non-invasive method that is easy to perform, may contribute to better defining arterial stiffness prognosis and is associated with hypertension.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Heart Transplantation/adverse effects , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory/methods , Vascular Stiffness/physiology , Hypertension/etiology , Hypertension/physiopathology , Prognosis , Time Factors , Logistic Models , Multivariate Analysis , Prospective Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Risk Factors , Statistics, Nonparametric , Risk Assessment/methods
19.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 29(4): f:295-l:302, jul.-ago. 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-831827

ABSTRACT

Fundamento: A hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) é uma causa importante de morbidade e mortalidade cardiovascular. Apesar da eficácia do tratamento, um alto número de pacientes não obtém controle de pressão arterial (PA), um fato que implica a necessidade de investigar o papel de outros fatores adicionais, como marcadores de inflamação e microalbuminúria, especialmente em ambientes de saúde. Objetivos: Avaliar a associação entre os níveis de fibrinogênio sérico, Proteína C-reativa ultrassensível (PCR) e microalbuminúria, com medidas de pressão arterial (PA) avaliadas através de monitorização ambulatorial da pressão arterial (MAPA) em pacientes hipertensos, em ambiente de cuidados de saúde primários. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal com pacientes hipertensos que foram atendidos em centros de cuidados de saúde primários. Uma avaliação de PA foi efetuada pelo médico de cuidados primários, e este procedimento foi seguido por um teste de referência de 24 horas (MAPA), realizado por um profissional independente. Adicionalmente, a coleta de sangue periférico foi realizada para análise futura de marcadores bioquímicos. Resultados: 143 pacientes foram incluídos. Havia uma tendência para associação entre a variável independente (PA alterada por MAPA de 24 horas) e variável dependente (PCR), havia uma associação entre os valores > 3 mg/dL e MAPA alterada de 24 horas. A razão de prevalência (RP) foi de 1,36 (CI 95% 0,90 ­ 2,06); p=0,18. A respeito dos achados de microalbuminúria e fibrinogênio, foi observada RP 1,03 (CI 95% 0,41 ­ 2,57); p=1 e RP 1,19 (CI 95% 0,96 ­ 1,46); p=0,019, respectivamente, e ambas não foram significantes para PA alterada por MAPA de 24 horas. Conclusões: Há uma tendência para a associação entre PCR e a PA avaliada através da MAPA de 24 horas no contexto dos cuidados primários


Background: Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is an important cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In spite of the effectiveness of the treatment, a high number of patients do not obtain blood pressure (BP) control, a fact that implies the need for investigating the role of other additional factors, such as inflammation markers and microalbuminuria, especially in health care environments. Objectives: To evaluate the association between serum fibrinogen levels, ultra-sensitive C-reactive protein (CRP) and microalbuminuria, with blood pressure (BP) averages evaluated by 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in hypertensive patients in primary health care setting.Methods: A cross-sectional study with hypertensive patients who were seen in primary health care centers was performed.A BP evaluation was carried out by the primary care doctor, and this procedure was followed by a reference test 24-hour ABPM, performed by an independent professional. Moreover, the peripheral blood collect was performed for future biochemical markers analysis. Results: 143 patients were included. There was a trend for association between the independent variable (altered BP by 24-hour ABPM) and the dependent variable (CRP), there was an association between the values > 3 mg/dL and altered 24-hour ABPM. The prevalence ratio (PR) was of 1.36 (CI 95% 0.90 ­ 2.06); p=0.18. Regarding microalbuminuria and fibrinogen findings, a 1.03 (CI 95% 0.41 ­ 2.57) PR was seen; p=1 and 1.19 (CI 95% 0.96 ­ 1.46) PR; p=0.019, respectively, and both were not significant for altered BP by 24-hour ABPM. Conclusions: It is a trend for association between CRP with BP evaluated by 24-hour ABPM in the primary care setting


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Albuminuria/diagnosis , Albuminuria/therapy , Arterial Pressure , Biomarkers/analysis , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory/methods , Hypertension/diagnosis , Hypertension/therapy , Inflammation , Brazil , Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology , Cardiovascular Diseases/therapy , Cross-Sectional Studies , Primary Health Care/methods , Data Interpretation, Statistical
20.
Clinics ; 71(5): 257-263, May 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-782838

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum albumin levels and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (24-h ABPM) recordings in non-diabetic essential hypertensive patients. METHODS: A total of 354 patients (mean [SD] age: 55.5 [14.3] years, 50% females) with essential hypertension and 24-h ABPM recordings were included. Patient 24-h nighttime and daytime ABPM values, systolic and diastolic dipping status and average nocturnal dipping were recorded. The correlations between serum albumin levels and nocturnal systolic and diastolic dipping were evaluated, and correlates of average nocturnal systolic dipping were determined via a linear regression model. RESULTS: Overall, 73.2% of patients were determined to be non-dippers. The mean (SD) levels of serum albumin (4.2 [0.3] g/dL vs. 4.4 [0.4] g/dL, p<0.001) and the average nocturnal systolic (15.2 [4.8] mmHg vs. 0.3 [6.6] mmHg, p<0.001) and diastolic dipping (4.2 [8.6] mmHg vs. 18.9 [7.0] mmHg, p<0.001) were significantly lower in non-dippers than in dippers. A significant positive correlation was noted between serum albumin levels and both systolic (r=0.297, p<0.001) and diastolic dipping (r=0.265, p<0.001). The linear regression analysis revealed that for each one-unit increase in serum albumin, the average nocturnal dip in systolic BP increased by 0.17 mmHg (p=0.033). CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate an association between serum albumin levels and the deterioration of circadian BP rhythm among essential hypertensive patients along with the identification of a non-dipper pattern in more than two-thirds of patients. Our findings emphasize the importance of serum albumin levels, rather than urinary albumin excretion, as an independent predictor of nocturnal systolic dipping, at least in non-diabetic essential hypertensive patients with moderate proteinuria.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory/methods , Hypertension/physiopathology , Serum Albumin/analysis , Albuminuria/physiopathology , Blood Pressure/physiology , Circadian Rhythm/physiology , Essential Hypertension , Hypertension/blood , Predictive Value of Tests , Serum Albumin/physiology
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